All penguins live in the Southern Hemisphere (south of the equator). Penguins do NOT live on the Arctic (where the North Pole is located at).
Penguins live in such different climates as Antarctica (where it is very cold) and the tropics (where it is very hot). Penguins usually live on islands or on remote parts of a continent, where they are safe from their enemies. Although most penguins can hold their breath for only a couple of minutes, penguins spend most of their lives in the water.